Objective This study investigates the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) and its synergistic effects with other diseases, and provides data support for proactive prevention. Methods We analyze the first page data in medical records of COPD inpatients in a hospital of Yunnan Province in 2013-2015, and study the common characteristics of COPD patients with statistical analysis and association rule mining. In the MODELER software modeling, the classic APRIORI association rules algorithm is used to study the synergistic incidence of COPD and other diseases. Results The ages of COPD patients focus on over 61 years ( 83. 9%) , occupation focus on retirees ( 59. 5%) , and most of the COPD patients are male ( 80. 3%) . Association rule mining results show that COPD and hypertension occur in3 834 cases, the support degree is 45. 2%, COPD and chronic pulmonary heart disease occur in 3 766 cases, the support degree is 44. 4%, and COPD and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease occurr in 2001 cases, the support degree is 23. 6%. Conclusions COPD high-risk group are men, over the age of 61, retirees. The diseases synergistic with COPD in the highest frequency are cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such ashypertension and chronic pulmonary heart disease, which is helpful to actively prevent and treat COPD and related diseases. This paper also provides a method for the research of synergistic effects and other diseases.