北京生物医学工程

往复式电磁铁驱动搏动式血泵的可行性研究

Feasibility study on pulsatile blood pump driven by a reciprocating electromagnet

作者：伍进平葛斌方旭晨张少伟张磊魏凌轩

单位：上海理工大学（上海 200093)<p>上海市东医院危重症医学科（上海 200438）</p>

关键词：体外膜肺氧合；往复式电磁铁；磁力；搏动式血泵

分类号：R318.01

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2019·38·1（67-74）

摘要：

目的为了得到更适合血液循环的动力装置，提出一种用于体外膜肺氧合(extracorporeal membrane oxygenation，ECMO)系统由电磁铁驱动的搏动式血泵，并研究其可行性。方法首先利用电磁原理设计出电磁驱动机构，主要部件包括对称的两个电磁铁和压簧，两个电磁铁交替通电下使得动铁芯往复运动；利用容积控制原理，泵腔在动铁芯的驱动下收缩舒张；然后根据上述原理设计出血泵模型，包括电磁驱动部件和泵腔；最后建立包括血泵、电路控制部分、示波器、加速度传感器、输入输出管路和储液池的试验台，对血泵模型进行驱动力和流量输出测试。结果血泵模型在通电电压7～12 V时动铁芯的初始驱动力为2.97～8.00 N。血泵模型产生的初始驱动力与工作电压呈正相关非线性关系，当通入电压12 V时血泵模型初始驱动力满足要求。当前压与后压为0、频率80次/min、工作电压7～12 V时的流量输出为0.97～3.81 L/min。当前压与后压为零，工作电压12 V、频率60～90次/min时的流量输出为3.1～3.8 L/min。当工作电压12 V、频率80次/min、前压0～40 cmH2O和后压50～110 cmH2O时的流量输出为0.55～3.59 L/min。血泵流量与工作电压和频率呈正相关，与后压呈负相关，与前压无显著性相关。结论往复式电磁铁驱动搏动式血泵基本满足ECMO临床要求，具有重要应用前景，对体外循环血泵的发展具有重要意义，但仍需进一步研究和改进。

Objective In order to obtain a power device that is more suitable for blood circulation, we proposes a pulse pump for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) system driven by an electromagnet and studies its feasibility. Methods Firstly, the electromagnetic drive mechanism is designed by using the electromagnetic principle. The main components include two symmetrical electromagnets and springs. The two electromagnets are alternately energized to make the moving iron core reciprocate.Using the principle of volume control, the pump cavity shrinks and relaxes under the action of moving iron core;Then design the pump model based on the above principles, including the electromagnetic drive components and pump chambers; Finally, a test bench including a blood pump, a circuit control section, an oscilloscope, an accelerometer, an input/output circuit, and a reservoir was established, and the blood pump model was tested for driving force and flow output. Results In the blood pump model, the initial driving force of the moving iron core is 2.97-8.00 N when the energizing voltage is 7-12 V.The initial driving force generated by the blood pump model has a positive correlation with the working voltage. When the voltage is 12 V, the initial driving force of the blood pump model meets the requirements.The flow rate output is 0.97-3.81 L/min when the front pressure and back pressure are zero, the frequency is 80 times/min, and the working voltage is 7-12V.When the front pressure and back pressure are zero, when the operating voltage is 12 V, the flow output at a frequency of 60 to 90 times/min is 3.1 to 3.8 L/min.When the operating voltage is 12V and the frequency is 80 times/min, the flow output when the front pressure is 0-40 cmH2O and the back pressure is 50-110 cmH2O is 0.55-3.59 L/min.The blood pump flow is positively correlated with the working voltage and frequency, negatively correlated with the back pressure, and had no significant correlation with the front pressure. Conclusions The reciprocating electromagnet-driven pulsed blood pump basically meets the clinical requirements of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, but further research and improvement are needed. The feasibility study has important application prospects and has important significance for the development of extracorporeal circulation blood pump.

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