北京生物医学工程

大动物节段性骨缺损模型的研究进展

Research progress of large animal segmental bone defect models

作者：陈胡贵覃建国李理石展英潘浩波李兵崔旭

单位：广西医科大学第四附属医院/柳州市工人医院（广西柳州 545005）中国科学院院深圳先进技术研究院（广东深圳 518055）

关键词：节段性骨缺损；生物材料；骨缺损修复；动物模型

分类号：R318

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2021·40·2（203-208）

摘要：

四肢节段性骨缺损，尤其是临界尺寸节段性骨缺损的修复仍然是骨科最具挑战性的难题之一。人工骨材料逐渐取代自体骨及同种异体骨成为骨缺损修复的研究热点。为了评价人工骨材料作为骨缺损修复替代物的发展前景，有必要建立可重复且有效的节段性骨缺损动物模型，以便成功地探索和转化这一领域的新成果。尽管众多学者都致力该领域的研究，但目前尚无一种理想的大动物节段性骨缺损模型能完美模拟人类骨结构和力学特征。因此本文将重点介绍用于评价人工骨材料常用且有效的大动物节段性骨缺损模型的研究进展，对临界尺寸骨缺损大小的取值、常用建模动物的优缺点、节段性骨缺损模型的建立、骨材料的不同固定方法等方面进行综述，以促进大动物节段性骨缺损模型的优化改进。

The repair of segmental bone defects of extremities, especially those of critical size, is still one of the most challenging problems in orthopaedics. Artificial bone has gradually replaced autogenous bone and allogeneic bone to become the research focus of bone defect repair. In order to evaluate the development of artificial bone as a substitute for repairing bone defects, it is necessary to establish a reproducible and effective animal model of segmental bone defects in order to explore and transform the new achievements in this field. Although many researchers have been devoted to this field, there is not an ideal model of segmental bone defects in large animals that can perfectly simulate human bone structure and mechanical characteristics. Therefore, this article will focus on the evaluation of artificial bone materials commonly used and effective large animal segmental bone defects model of research progress. This article reviews the critical size of bone defect, the advantages and disadvantages of different modeling animals, the establishment of segmental bone defect model in large animals, and the different fixation methods of bone materials, to improve the model of segmental bone defect in large animals.

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