北京生物医学工程

运动对大鼠慢性高眼压视网膜自噬与凋亡的影响

Effects of training on retinal autophagy and apoptosis in rats with chronic ocular hypertension

作者：龙晓雪杨宏宇薛艳丽宋红芳

单位：首都医科大学生物医学工程学院（北京 100069）临床生物力学应用基础研究北京市重点实验室（北京 100069）

关键词：慢性高眼压；运动训练；视网膜；自噬；凋亡

分类号：R318

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2021·40·3（239-244）

摘要：

目的探讨在慢性高眼压作用下，中轻度运动训练对大鼠视网膜细胞自噬与凋亡水平的影响，寻找利于修复慢性高眼压造成视网膜损伤的适宜运动强度。方法选取接受运动预训练的8周龄SD雄性大鼠32只，随机平均分为空白对照（control, C）组、中度训练（moderate intensity training, MT）组、轻度训练（low intensity training, LT）组和静置实验高眼压（experimental glaucoma, GL）组4组，每组各8只。C组不做任何处理，对MT、LT、GL组采用烙闭巩膜上静脉的方法建立慢性高眼压大鼠模型；对MT、LT组进行3周运动干预，每次分别以23 m/min（约70% VO2max）和17 m/min（约58% VO2max）的强度持续跑步60 min，每日训练1次，每周训练5日，而GL组静置处理相同时间。之后取大鼠视网膜组织，用NeuN标记神经节细胞，TUNEL标记凋亡细胞，并检测细胞自噬相关蛋白LC3、Beclin1及细胞凋亡相关蛋白Bax、Bcl-xL的表达。结果 MT、LT组的视网膜细胞自噬与凋亡水平均低于GL组，表现在LC3、Beclin1、Bax蛋白表达下调，Bcl-xl蛋白表达上调，TUNEL阳性细胞数减少，神经节细胞（RGCs）数量明显保留；而MT组与LT组之间无明显差异。结论 3周的中轻度训练均可以下调慢性高眼压造成的视网膜神经节细胞的自噬与凋亡水平，但两种运动强度没有明显差异，说明中轻度训练均有利于修复慢性高眼压造成的视网膜损伤。

Objective To investigate the effects of moderate and low intensity training on retinal autophagy and apoptosis in rats with chronic ocular hypertension, and to explore the appropriate exercise intensity to repair retinal injury caused by chronic ocular hypertension. Methods Thirty-two 8-week-old SD male rats pre-trained were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control (C) group (n = 8), Moderate Intensity Training (MT) group (n = 8), Low Intensity Training (LT) group (n = 8), and Experimental Glaucoma (GL) group (n = 8). Group C did not receive any treatment; groups MT, LT and GL underwent cauterization of superior scleral veins to construct chronic ocular hypertension models. The groups MT and LT were treated with exercise intervention for 3 weeks, with respectively the intensity of 23m/min (about 70% VO2max) and 17m/min (about 58% VO2max) continuous running for 60 min, once a day and 5 days a week. Group GL was untreated for the same time. After the training, the retinal tissues of rats were collected, the RGCs were labeled by NeuN and apoptotic cells were labeled by TUNEL. The expressions of autophagy-related proteins LC3 and Beclin1, as well as apoptotic proteins Bax and Bcl-xl were detected. Results After 3 weeks of exercise, the levels of retinal autophagy and apoptosis in groups MT and LT were lower than those in group GL, which demonstrated that the expressions of LC3, Beclin1 and Bax were down-regulated, the expression of Bcl-xl was up-regulated, the number of TUNEL positive cells was decreased, and the number of RGCs was retained significantly. However, there was no significant difference between group MT and group LT. Conclusions The autophagy and apoptosis levels of RGCs induced by chronic ocular hypertension were decreased by both moderate and low intensity trainings for 3 weeks, and there was no significant difference between the two types of training intensity, indicating that both moderate and low training were beneficial to repair retinal injury caused by chronic ocular hypertension.

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