北京生物医学工程

生物矿化胶原在骨缺损治疗中的研究及应用现状

Research and application status of biomineralized collagen in the treatment of bone defect

作者：孙守野李少荣崔宇韬许航王靖玮陈冲王雁冰彭传刚

单位：吉林大学第二医院（长春  130041），<br />通信作者：彭传刚。E-mail: pengcg@ jlu. edu. cn

分类号：R318.08

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2022·41·4（429-435）

摘要：

因感染、外伤或骨肿瘤切除引起的骨缺损非常普遍，其中一小部分(5%～10%)由于骨不连而无法愈合，需要手术治疗。目前，治疗这些缺损的主要方法有自体移植物、异种移植物、异体移植物或合成移植物。与这些治疗相关的主要问题包括感染、疼痛和供区发病率。生物矿化胶原是由胶原和羟基磷灰石组成的新型、安全的骨移植替代材料，不仅自身具有治疗骨缺损的能力，而且其优良的生物相容性、机械性能，还可以作为一种兼容、坚固的载体，通过搭载一些促进血管生长或者骨生长的药物，共同发挥成骨作用。同时，矿化胶原还能自身降解，避免了二次手术的痛苦。本文介绍了生物矿化胶原的定义、结构，总结了生物矿化胶原的合成方法、作用机制，分析了生物矿化胶原在骨缺损治疗方面的应用，从而证明了生物矿化胶原材料在骨缺损治疗方面的良好应用前景。

Bone defects caused by infection, trauma or bone tumor resection are very common, and a small part ( 5 % -10 % ) of them cannot heal due to nonunion, requiring surgical treatment. At present, the main methods for the treatment of these defects are autologous graft, xenotransplantation allogeneic graft or synthetic graft. The main problems related to these treatments include infection, pain and donor site morbidity. Biomineralized collagen is a new and safe alternative material for bone transplantation composed of collagen and hydroxyapatite. It not only has the ability to treat bone defects, but also has excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. It can also be used as a compatible and solid carrier to jointly exert the osteogenic effect by carrying some drugs that promote vascular growth or bone growth. At the same time, the mineralized collagen can also degrade itself, thus avoiding the pain of the second operation. In this paper, the definition and structure of biomineralized collagen were introduced, the synthetic methods and action mechanism of biomineralized collagen were summarized, and the application of biomineralized collagen in the treatment of bone defect was analyzed, which proved the good application prospect of biomineralized collagen material in the treatment of bone defect.

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