In order to provide the basis of clinical application for self-hardenning bioactive glass and investigate the effects of calcium and magnesium ions on crystallization behavior of the glasses in simulative body environment, the CaO-P2O5-SiO2-CaF2 (Ca-glass) and CaO-MgO-P2O5-SiO2-CaF2 (CaMg-glass) system bioglass was designed and studied using simulated body fluid (SBF). Firstly, the hardening bodies were prepared by mixing hardening solution of composite ammonia phosphate [(NH4)2HPO4]/[NH4H2PO4] with Ca-glass or CaMg-glass powder comparatively. Then, the crystallinity, degradability and mechanical property were studied using SBF solution by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), weightlessness and mechanical analysis methods. The experimental results indicated that calcium ammonia phosphate [(NH4)2·Ca·(HPO4)2·H2O] was formed after being mixed glass powder with composite ammonia phosphate solution. Immerging in SBF solution, the CaMg-glass hardening body was still consisted of calcium ammonia phosphate, while parts of the calcium ammonia phosphate in Ca-glass hardening body was transformed into hydroxyapatite crystal. The degradation ratios of Ca-glass and CaMg-glass hardening bodys were 19.4% and 31.3% after being immerged in SBF solution for 28 days, with compressive strength of 93.14 MPa and 64.52 MPa respectively. The disproportionation of magnesium ions was the main reason for the differences of crystallinity and degradability as well as mechanical property between Ca-glass and CaMg-glass hardening bodies.
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