北京生物医学工程

基于PID算法的PCR仪温度控制系统设计方案

Design of a Temperature Control System Based on PID Algorithm for a PCR Instrument

作者：王冬张新磊冯继宏

单位：北京工业大学生命科学与生物工程学院（北京100124）

分类号：

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2011·30·5（502-505）

摘要：

目的为研制升降温速率快、温度控制精度高的PCR仪，本文设计并构建了基于比例积分微分
（proportional integral derivative，PID）算法的PCR仪温度控制系统。方法该系统以TI DSP2812为
主控芯片，采用PID算法作为温度控制算法，并利用Ziegler-Nichols参数整定法进行控制参数整定。为
验证PID算法在PCR仪温度控制中的有效性，本文进行了Matlab计算机仿真实验，并在此基础上进行了实
际温度控制系统的整体调试。结果仿真结果显示温度控制系统的温度最大超调量为13%，响应时间为25s
，无静态误差。整体调试结果显示升降温速率为5℃/s，温度控制精度0.1℃。结论该系统升降温速率快
，温度控制精度高，本研究为制造具有自主知识产权的PCR仪做出了有益探索。

Objective To develop a PCR instrument with rapid temperature change rate and
high accuracy，we designed a temperature control system with the proportional integral
derivative（PID）algorithm based on DSP a digital signal processor（DSP）chip
TMS320F2812.Methods The role of PID algorithm was utilized to control the temperature，
whose parameters were adjusted by Ziegler-Nichols parameter tuning.We tested the whole
temperature control system based on the simulation result of Matlab for verifying the
effectiveness of PID algorithm.Results The simulation results showed that the maximum
overshoot was 13% and the response time was 25 s，with no static error.The test showed that
the temperature change rate was 5℃/s and the accuracy of 0.1℃.Conclusions This control
system with rapid temperature change rate and high accuracy is a useful exploration of
China-made PCR instrument with intellectual property.

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