目的  随着高通量测序技术的发展，产生了大量的微生物16S rRNA基因序列数据。对该数据进行精确的微生物操作分类单元（operational taxonomic unit, OTU）划分，有助于了解环境中微生物的种群组成及分布。 方法  本文在真实数据集与模拟数据集上，对现有的7种流行OTU单元聚类算法进行了对比研究，并分析了这些算法的优缺点及使用范围。 结果  序列长度、测序深度对聚类结果均有影响。 结论  相同的序列相似性阈值下，不同的聚类算法聚类结果差异较大，其中CROP算法的鲁棒性和抗噪性较好。    

           ［1］Karl DM. Microbial oceanography: paradigms, processes and promise［J］. Nature, 2007, 5: 759-767. ［2］Pace NR. A molecular view of microbial diversity and the biosphere［J］. Science, 1997, 276(5313):734-740. ［3］Sharpton TJ, Riesenfeld SJ, Kembel SW, et al. PhylOTU: A High-throughput procedure quantifies microbial community diversity and resolves novel taxa from metagenomic data［J］. PLOS Computational Biology, 2011, 7(1):e1001061. ［4］Pruesse E, Quast C, Knittel K, et al. SILVA: A comprehensive online resource for quality checked and aligned ribosomal RNA sequence data compatible with ARB［J］. Nucleic Acids Res, 2007, 35:7188-7196. ［5］Huse SM, Dethlefsen L, Huber JA,et al. Exploring microbial diversity and taxonomy using SSU rRNA hypervariable tag sequencing［J］. PLoS Genet, 2008, 4:e1000255. ［6］Schloss PD, Westcott SL, Ryabin T, et al. Introducing mothur: open-source, platform-independent, community-supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities［J］. Appl Environ Microbial, 2009, 75(23):7537-7541. ［7］Sun Y, Cai Y, Liu L, et al. ESPRIT: estimating species richness using large collections of 16S rRNA pyrosequences［J］. Nucleic Acids Res, 2009, 37(10):e76. ［8］Cai Y, Sun Y. ESPRIT-Tree: hierarchical clustering analysis of millions of 16S rRNA pyrosequences in quasilinear computational time［J］. Nucleic Acids Res, 2011, 39(14):e95. ［9］Li W, Godzik A. Cd-hit: a fast program for clustering and comparing large sets of protein or nucleotide sequences［J］. Bioinformatics,2006， 22(13): 1658-1659. ［10］Edgar RC. Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster than BLAST［J］. Bioinformatics, 2010, 26(19):2460–2461. ［11］Ghodsi M, Liu B, Pop M. DNACLUST: accurate and efficient clustering of phylogenetic marker genes［J］. BMC Bioinformatics, 2011, 12:1-11. ［12］Hao X, Jiang R, Chen T. Clustering 16S rRNA for OTU prediction: a method of unsupervised Bayesian clustering［J］. Bioinformatics, 2011, 27: 611–618. ［13］Huse SM, Huber JA, Morrison HG, et al. Accuracy and quality of massively parallel DNA pyrosequencing［J］. Genome Biology, 2007, 8(7): R143. ［14］Lysholm F, Andersson B, Persson B. An efficient simulator of 454 data using configurable statistical models［J］. BMC Research Notes, 2011, 4(1):449.