Stem cells are undifferentiated cells, which have self-renewal, high proliferation and multi-lineage differentiation capabilities. The advantages of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are easy to be obtained, to be cultured and to be refrigerated. DPSC is compared with three other kinds of stem cells in the culture of multi-lineage differentiation potential, in the differentiation-inducing factors, in the potential of differentiating into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), as well as in their applications of tissue engineering. And the advantages of the culture and differentiation of DPSC are discussed.