With the rapid development of communication industry, the man-made electromagnetic pollution which was mainly caused by convenient electronic appliances has been a worldwide concern. Studies indicated that electromagnetic radiation (EMR) could be harmful to human health, by affecting the nervous system, immune system, genital system and cardiocerebral vascular system. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms were still unclear. The EMR impacts on cell viability, apoptosis, cell membrane function, cell receptor, cell signal transduction and genetic expression were illustrated and discussed here. The biological effects on the cellular level caused by EMR were summarized to provide evidences for further study on biological mechanism of EMR.